Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, z/l: Tzav Why Civilisations Die

Rabbi Sacks writes of the complexity of societies who, after generations of incredible accomplishments, die off.  He evaluates  potential theories, including how the society responds to severe challenges, e.g., with religious sacrifices or changes in religious observance.  Unlike the Mayans, who resorted to extensive human sacrifices to appease deities, the Jews transitioned from a Temple with sacrifices to gemillut hasadim, or Torah Study. 

Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, z/l: Vayikra -The Dimensions of Sin

The parashah addresses the chattat—the sin offering, which varies by the particular individual, for sins that were committed inadvertently. A contemporary example would be answering the phone on Shabbat because you forgot that the day was Shabbat. Today, such a sin is typically not viewed as such. He continues with another example: you are caught driving 50 mph in a 30 mph zone, although you know that your speedometer is inaccurate.